Heartleaf twayblade is a small, delicate woodland orchid found in cool, moist forests and sphagnum bogs in Pennsylvania, particularly at higher elevations and in northern regions. It is endangered in our state, with populations threatened by habitat loss and environmental changes. This orchid features two heart-shaped to ovate leaves near the base and a slender stem topped with tiny, reddish-green flowers that bloom in late spring to early summer. It thrives in shaded, mossy environments, often hidden beneath hemlock or spruce canopies. Though rare, it plays a vital role in forest ecosystems, relying on fungal partnerships for nutrients.