Herbaceous Plants

Herbaceous Plants

acanthus family

Justicia

water-willow

J. americana

American water-willow

Ruellia

petunia

R. humilis

wild petunia

sweetflag family

Acorus

sweetflag

A. calamus

European sweetflag

agave family

Camassia

camas

C. scilloides

wild hyacinth

water-plantain family

Alisma

water-plantain

A. subcordatum

American water-plantain

Sagittaria

arrowhead

S. latifolia

broadleaf arrowhead

onion family

Allium

onion

A. canadense

meadow garlic

A. cernuum

nodding onion

A. tricoccum

ramps

A. vineale

wild garlic

amaranth family

Amaranthus

amaranth

A. caudatus

purple amaranth

A. cruentus

blood amaranth

A. spinosus

spiny amaranth

Atriplex

saltbush

A. patula

common orache

Chenopodium

goosefoot

C. album

lamb's-quarters

amaryllis family

Galanthus

snowdrop

G. nivalis

snowdrop

Narcissus

daffodil

N. poeticus

poet's daffodil

N. pseudonarcissus

common daffodil

parsley family

Angelica

Angelica

A. atropurpurea

purplestem Angelica

A. triquinata

Appalachian Angelica

Anthriscus

chervil

A. sylvestris

wild chervil

Cicuta

water hemlock

C. bulbifera

bulb-bearing water hemlock

C. maculata

water hemlock

Conium

poison hemlock

C. maculatum

poison hemlock

Cryptotaenia

honewort

C. canadensis

honewort

Daucus

celery

D. carota

queen Anne's lace

Erigenia

harbinger-of-spring

E. bulbosa

harbinger-of-spring

Heracleum

cow-parsnip

H. maximum

cow-parsnip

Osmorhiza

sweet cicely

O. claytonii

hairy sweet cecily

O. longistylis

aniseroot

Pastinaca

parsnip

P. sativa

wild parsnip

Sanicula

sanicle

S. marilandica

Maryland sanicle

S. odorata

clustered black-snakeroot

Sium

water parsnip

S. suave

water parsnip

Taenidia

pimpernel

T. integerrima

yellow pimpernel

Thaspium

meadow-parsnip

T. trifoliatum

meadow-parsnip

Zizia

alexanders

Z. aptera

heartleaf alexanders

Z. aurea

golden alexanders

dogbane family

Amsonia

bluestar

A. tabernaemontana

eastern bluestar

Apocynum

dogbane

A. androsaemifolium

spreading dogbane

A. cannabinum

Indian hemp

Asclepias

milkweed

A. exaltata

tall milkweed

A. incarnata

swamp milkweed

A. purpurascens

purple milkweed

A. quadrifolia

fourleaf milkweed

A. syriaca

common milkweed

A. tuberosa

butterfly weed

A. verticillata

whorled milkweed

A. viridiflora

green milkweed

Vinca

periwinkle

V. minor

common periwinkle

arum family

Arisaema

Jack-in-the-pulpit

A. triphyllum

Jack-in-the-pulpit

Calla

bog arum

C. palustris

wild calla

Lemna

duckweed

L. minor

common duckweed

Orontium

golden club

O. aquaticum

goldenclub

Peltandra

arrow-arum

P. virginica

green arrow-arum

Spirodela

duck-meal

S. polyrhiza

common duckmeal

Symplocarpus

skunk cabbage

S. foetidus

skunk cabbage

Wolffia

watermeal

W. columbiana

Columbian watermeal

spikenard family

Aralia

spikenard

A. racemosa

American spikenard

Hydrocotyle

marsh-pennywort

H. americana

American marsh-pennywort

Panax

ginseng

P. quinquefolius

American ginseng

P. trifolius

dwarf ginseng

Aristolochiaceae

birthwort family

Asarum

wild ginger

A. canadense

Canadian wild ginger

aster family

Achillea

yarrow

A. millefolium

yarrow

Ageratina

snakeroot

A. altissima

white snakeroot

Ambrosia

ragweed

A. artemisiifolia

annual ragweed

A. trifida

great ragweed

Anaphalis

everlasting

A. margaritacea

pearly everlasting

Antennaria

pussytoes

A. howellii

Howell's pussytoes

A. neglecta

field pussytoes

A. plantaginifolia

plantain-leaf pussytoes

Anthemis

chamomile

A. arvensis

corn chamomile

Arctium

burdock

A. lappa

great burdock

A. minus

common burdock

Artemisia

mugwort

A. annua

annual wormwood

A. vulgaris

common mugwort

Bellis

lawn daisy

B. perennis

lawn daisy

Bidens

sticktight

B. cernua

nodding beggarticks

B. connata

purplestem beggarticks

B. frondosa

devil's beggarticks

B. polylepis

Ozark beggarticks

B. trichosperma

crowned beggar-ticks

B. tripartita

three-lobed beggarticks

Calendula

pot-marigold

C. officinalis

garden marigold

Centaurea

knapweed

C. stoebe

spotted knapweed

Chrysopsis

golden aster

C. mariana

Maryland goldenaster

Cichorium

chicory

C. intybus

common chicory

Cirsium

thistle

C. arvense

Canada thistle

C. muticum

swamp thistle

C. vulgare

bull thistle

Conoclinium

mistflower

C. coelestinum

blue mistflower

Coreopsis

tickseed

C. lanceolata

longstalk tickseed

C. tinctoria

golden tickseed

C. tripteris

tall tickseed

Doellingeria

white aster

D. umbellata

flat-topped white aster

Echinacea

purple coneflower

E. purpurea

purple coneflower

Eclipta

false daisy

E. prostrata

false daisy

Erechtites

fireweed

E. hieraciifolius

American burnweed

Erigeron

fleabane

E. annuus

annual fleabane

E. canadensis

Canada fleabane

E. philadelphicus

Philadelphia fleabane

E. pulchellus

Robin's plantain

E. strigosus

daisy fleabane

Eupatorium

thoroughwort

E. godfreyanum

Godfrey's Eupatorium

E. perfoliatum

common boneset

E. pilosum

ragged eupatorium

E. serotinum

late thoroughwort

Eurybia

wood aster

E. divaricata

white wood aster

E. macrophylla

large-leaved aster

Euthamia

grassleaf goldenrod

E. graminifolia

common grassleaf goldenrod

Eutrochium

Joe-Pye-weed

E. fistulosum

trumpetweed

E. maculatum

spotted Joe-Pye-weed

E. purpureum

sweet Joe-Pye-weed

Gaillardia

blanket-flower

G. pinnatifida

tansy blanket-flower

Galinsoga

quickweed

G. quadriradiata

fringed quickweed

Helenium

sneezeweed

H. autumnale

common sneezeweed

H. flexuosum

purple-headed sneezeweed

Helianthus

sunflower

H. decapetalus

thinleaf sunflower

H. divaricatus

woodland sunflower

H. maximiliani

Maximilian's sunflower

H. microcephalus

small wood sunflower

H. mollis

downy sunflower

Heliopsis

sunflower-everlasting

H. helianthoides

smooth oxeye

Hieracium

hawkweed

H. paniculatum

Allegheny hawkweed

H. scabrum

sticky hawkweed

H. venosum

rattlesnake hawkweed

Hypochaeris

cat's-ear

H. radicata

hairy cat's-ear

Inula

I. helenium

elecampane

Ionactis

stiff aster

I. linariifolia

flaxleaf stiff aster

Lactuca

lettuce

L. biennis

blue lettuce

L. canadensis

Canada wild lettuce

L. floridana

woodland lettuce

L. serriola

prickly lettuce

Lapsana

nipplewort

L. communis

common nipplewort

Leucanthemum

daisy

L. vulgare

oxeye daisy

Liatris

blazingstar

L. spicata

dense blazingstar

Marshallia

Barbara's buttons

M. pulchra

Monongahela Barbara's buttons

Matricaria

mayweed

M. discoidea

pineapple-weed

Nabalus

rattlesnake-root

N. altissimus

tall rattlesnake-root

N. trifoliolatus

threeleaf rattlesnake-root

Oclemena

nodding-aster

O. acuminata

whorled aster

O. nemoralis

bog aster

Packera

ragwort

P. anonyma

plain ragwort

P. aurea

golden ragwort

P. obovata

roundleaf ragwort

Pilosella

hawkweed

P. aurantiaca

orange hawkweed

P. caespitosa

king-devil

P. officinarum

mouse-ear hawkweed

Pseudognaphalium

rabbit-tobacco

P. obtusifolium

sweet everlasting

Ratibida

prairie coneflower

R. pinnata

globular prairie coneflower

Rudbeckia

coneflower

R. hirta

black-eyed Susan

R. laciniata

greenhead coneflower

R. triloba

brown-eyed Susan

Scorzoneroides

hawkbit

S. autumnalis

autumn hawkbit

Senecio

ragwort

S. vulgaris

common ragwort

Silphium

rosin-weed

S. perfoliatum

cup-plant

Solidago

goldenrod

S. altissima

tall goldenrod

S. bicolor

white goldenrod

S. caesia

wreath goldenrod

S. canadensis

Canada goldenrod

S. flexicaulis

zigzag goldenrod

S. gigantea

smooth goldenrod

S. juncea

early goldenrod

S. nemoralis

gray goldenrod

S. odora

sweet goldenrod

S. puberula

downy goldenrod

S. rugosa

wrinkleleaf goldenrod

Sonchus

sowthistle

S. arvensis

field sowthistle

S. asper

spiny sowthistle

S. oleraceus

common sowthistle

Symphyotrichum

American aster

S. cordifolium

blue wood aster

S. depauperatum

serpentine aster

S. laeve

smooth blue aster

S. lanceolatum

lanceleaf aster

S. lateriflorum

calico aster

S. lowrieanum

Lowrie's blue wood aster

S. novae-angliae

New England aster

S. novi-belgii

New York aster

S. oblongifolium

aromatic aster

S. patens

late purple aster

S. pilosum

hairy aster

S. praealtum

veinleaf aster

S. prenanthoides

crookedstem aster

S. puniceum

purplestem aster

S. racemosum

small white aster

S. undulatum

wavyleaf aster

Tanacetum

tansy

T. parthenium

feverfew tansy

T. vulgare

common tansy

Taraxacum

dandelion

T. officinale

common dandelion

Tragopogon

goat's-beard

T. dubius

yellow salsify

T. pratensis

goat's-beard

Tussilago

coltsfoot

T. farfara

coltsfoot

Verbesina

crownbeard

V. alternifolia

wingstem crownbeard

Vernonia

ironweed

V. gigantea

giant ironweed

V. noveboracensis

New York ironweed

Xanthium

cocklebur

X. strumarium

common cocklebur

touch-me-not family

Impatiens

jewelweed

I. capensis

spotted jewelweed

I. pallida

pale jewelweed

barberry family

Caulophyllum

blue cohosh

C. giganteum

early blue cohosh

C. thalictroides

blue cohosh

Jeffersonia

twinleaf

J. diphylla

twinleaf

Podophyllum

mayapple

P. peltatum

mayapple

forget-me-not family

Borago

borage

B. officinalis

starflower

Buglossoides

corn-gromwell

B. arvensis

field gromwell

Echium

blueweed

E. vulgare

viper's bugloss

Hackelia

stickseed

H. virginiana

Virginia stickseed

Hydrophyllum

waterleaf

H. canadense

Canadian waterleaf

H. virginianum

Virginia waterleaf

Mertensia

bluebell

M. virginica

Virginia bluebells

Myosotis

forget-me-not

M. laxa

smaller forget-me-not

M. scorpioides

true forget-me-not

M. sylvatica

wood forget-me-not

Phacelia

scorpionweed

P. purshii

Miami mist

Pulmonaria

lungwort

P. saccharata

Bethlehem lungwort

Symphytum

comfrey

S. officinale

common comfrey

mustard family

Alliaria

garlic mustard

A. petiolata

garlic mustard

Arabidopsis

rockcress

A. lyrata

lyreleaf rockcress

Barbarea

yellow rocket

B. vulgaris

wintercress

Boechera

rockcress

B. laevigata

smooth rockcress

Brassica

mustard

B. nigra

black mustard

Capsella

sheperd's purse

C. bursa-pastoris

shepherd's purse

Cardamine

toothwort

C. angustata

slender toothwort

C. bulbosa

bulbous bittercress

C. concatenata

cutleaf toothwort

C. diphylla

crinkleroot

C. douglassii

pink bitter-cress

C. hirsuta

hairy bittercress

C. impatiens

narrowleaf bittercress

C. maxima

large toothwort

C. pensylvanica

Pennsylvania bittercress

C. pratensis

pink cuckoo bittercress

Draba

whitlowgrass

D. verna

common whitlowgrass

Erysimum

wallflower

E. cheiranthoides

wormseed wallflower

Hesperis

dame's rocket

H. matronalis

dame's rocket

Lepidium

pepperweed

L. campestre

fieldcress

L. virginicum

poorman's pepperweed

Lunaria

moonplant

L. annua

moneyplant

Nasturtium

watercress

N. officinale

watercress

Noccaea

pennycress

N. perfoliata

perfoliate pennycress

Rorippa

yellowcress

R. palustris

bog yellowcress

R. sylvestris

creeping yellowcress

Sisymbrium

rocket

S. altissimum

tall tumble-mustard

Thlaspi

pennycress

T. arvense

field pennycress

Turritis

tower mustard

T. glabra

tower mustard

watershield family

Brasenia

watershield

B. schreberi

watershield

Cabomba

fanwort

C. caroliniana

Carolina Fanwort

bellflower family

Campanula

bellflower

C. aparinoides

marsh bellflower

C. rapunculoides

creeping bellflower

C. rotundifolia

harebell

Campanulastrum

bellflower

C. americanum

American bellflower

Lobelia

lobelia

L. cardinalis

cardinal flower

L. inflata

Indian tobacco

L. kalmii

brook lobelia

L. siphilitica

great blue lobelia

L. spicata

pale-spiked lobelia

Platycodon

baloon flower

P. grandiflorus

balloon flower

Triodanis

Venus'-looking-glass

T. perfoliata

Venus'-looking-glass

cannabis and hop family

Humulus

hop

H. japonicus

Japanese hops

honeysuckle family

Dipsacus

teasel

D. fullonum

wild teasel

Valeriana

valerian

V. officinalis

common valerian

V. pauciflora

largeflower valerian

Caryophyllaceae

pink family

Cerastium

chickweed

C. fontanum

common mouse-ear chickweed

Dianthus

carnation

D. armeria

Deptford pink

D. barbatus

sweet William

Moehringia

sandwort

M. lateriflora

grove sandwort

Sabulina

sandplant

S. michauxii

Michaux's sandplant

Saponaria

soapwort

S. officinalis

bouncing-bet

Silene

campion

S. caroliniana

wild pink

S. flos-cuculi

ragged robin

S. latifolia

white campion

S. virginica

firepink

S. vulgaris

bladder campion

Stellaria

chickweed

S. aquatica

giant chickweed

S. graminea

lesser starwort

S. media

common chickweed

S. pubera

star chickweed

Ceratophyllaceae

hornwort family

Ceratophyllum

hornwort

C. demersum

coontail

C. echinatum

spineless hornwort

colchicum family

Uvularia

bellwort

U. grandiflora

large-flower bellwort

U. perfoliata

perfoliate bellwort

U. sessilifolia

sessile bellwort

bastard toadflax family

Comandra

bastard toadflax

C. umbellata

umbellate bastard toadflax

spiderwort family

Commelina

dayflower

C. communis

dayflower

Tradescantia

spiderwort

T. ohiensis

Ohio spiderwort

T. virginiana

Virginia spiderwort

morning-glory family

Calystegia

false bindweed

C. sepium

hedge false bindweed

Convolvulus

bindweed

C. arvensis

field bindweed

Cuscuta

dodder

C. gronovii

common dodder

C. pentagona

field dodder

Ipomoea

morning-glory

I. hederacea

ivyleaf morning-glory

I. pandurata

big-root morning-glory

dogwood family

Cornus

dogwood

C. canadensis

bunchberry

orpine family

Sedum

stonecrop

S. sarmentosum

running stonecrop

S. ternatum

woodland stonecrop

gourd or pumpkin family

Echinocystis

wild cucumber

E. lobata

wild cucumber

Sicyos

bur-cucumber

S. angulatus

one-seed bur-cucumber

yum family

Dioscorea

wild yam

D. villosa

wild yam

sundew family

Drosera

sundew

D. filiformis

threadleaf sundew

D. intermedia

spatulateleaf sundew

D. rotundifolia

roundleaf sundew

heath family

Hypopitys

pinesap

H. lanuginosa

hairy pinesap

H. monotropa

pinesap

Monotropa

Indian pipe

M. uniflora

Indian pipe

Pyrola

shinleaf

P. americana

rounded shinleaf

P. chlorantha

green-flowered shinleaf

P. elliptica

elliptic shinleaf

spurge family

Acalypha

copperleaf

A. rhomboidea

three-seeded mercury

Euphorbia

spurge

E. corollata

flowering spurge

E. cyparissias

cypress spurge

E. lathyris

gopher spurge

E. maculata

spotted sandmat

E. nutans

eyebane sandmat

E. purpurea

purple spurge

E. vermiculata

hairy spurge

legume family

Amphicarpaea

hog peanut

A. bracteata

hog peanut

Apios

groundnut

A. americana

common groundnut

Baptisia

wild indigo

B. australis

blue wild indigo

B. tinctoria

yellow wild indigo

Chamaecrista

sensitive-pea

C. fasciculata

partridge sensitive-pea

Desmodium

ticktrefoil

D. canadense

showy ticktrefoil

D. marilandicum

Maryland ticktrefoil

D. paniculatum

panicled ticktrefoil

D. perplexum

perplexed ticktrefoil

D. rotundifolium

prostrate ticktrefoil

Hylodesmum

ticktrefoil

H. glutinosum

sticky ticktrefoil

H. nudiflorum

naked-flowered ticktrefoil

Lathyrus

vetchling

L. latifolius

everlasting pea

L. sylvestris

perennial pea

Lespedeza

bushclover

L. cuneata

Chinese bush-clover

L. hirta

hairy lespedeza

L. violacea

wand bushclover

Lotus

birdsfoot trefoil

L. corniculatus

birdsfoot trefoil

Lupinus

lupine

L. perennis

blue lupine

Medicago

medick

M. lupulina

black medick

M. sativa

alfaalfa

Melilotus

sweetclover

M. albus

white sweetclover

M. officinalis

yellow sweetclover

Securigera

crownvetch

S. varia

crownvetch

Senna

senna

S. hebecarpa

wild senna

Trifolium

clover

T. arvense

rabbitfoot clover

T. aureum

large hop clover

T. campestre

low hop clover

T. dubium

lesser hop clover

T. hybridum

alsike clover

T. incarnatum

crimson clover

T. pratense

red clover

T. repens

white clover

Vicia

vetch

V. caroliniana

wood vetch

V. cracca

tufted vetch

V. sativa

garden vetch

V. tetrasperma

four-seeded vetch

V. villosa

hairy vetch

gentian family

Bartonia

screwstem

B. paniculata

twining screwstem

B. virginica

yellow screwstem

Centaurium

centaury

C. pulchellum

lesser centaury

Frasera

green gentian

F. caroliniensis

American columbo

Gentiana

gentian

G. andrewsii

closed bottle gentian

G. clausa

meadow closed gentian

G. linearis

narrow-leaved gentian

G. saponaria

soapwort gentian

Gentianopsis

fringed gentian

G. crinita

greater fringed gentian

Obolaria

Virginia pennywort

O. virginica

Virginia pennywort

Sabatia

rose gentian

S. angularis

rose pink

geranium family

Erodium

stork's-bill

E. cicutarium

redstem stork's-bill

Geranium

cranesbill

G. carolinianum

Carolina cranesbill

G. columbinum

long-stalked cranesbill

G. maculatum

wood geranium

G. robertianum

herb-robert

G. sanguineum

bloody cranesbill

G. sibericum

Siberian cranesbill

water-milfoil family

Myriophyllum

water-milfoil

M. aquaticum

parrot feather

M. spicatum

Eurasian water-milfoil

hyacinth family

Hyacinthoides

bluebell

H. x variabilis

bluebell

Hyacinthus

hyacinth

H. orientalis

common hyacinth

Muscari

grape-hyacinth

M. neglectum

starch grape-hyacinth

Ornithogalum

star-of-Bethlehem

O. nutans

nodding star-of-Bethlehem

O. umbellatum

garden star-of-Bethlehem

Scilla

squill

S. siberica

Siberian squill

Hydrocharitaceae

frog's-bit family

Elodea

waterweed

E. canadensis

common waterweed

E. nuttallii

Nuttall's waterweed

Hydrilla

water-thyme

H. verticillata

waterthyme

Najas

waternymph

N. minor

brittle waternymph

Vallisneria

tape-grass

V. americana

American eelgrass

st. john’s-wort family

Hypericum

St. John's-wort

H. boreale

northern St. John's-wort

H. canadense

Canadian St. John's-wort

H. ellipticum

pale St. John's-wort

H. gentianoides

orange-grass

H. mutilum

dwarf St. John's-wort

H. perforatum

perforate St. John's-wort

H. punctatum

spotted St. John's-wort

Triadenum

marsh St. John's-wort

T. fraseri

Fraser's marsh St. John's-wort

T. virginicum

Virginia marsh St. John's-wort

stargrass family

Hypoxis

stargrass

H. hirsuta

yellow stargrass

iris family

Crocus

crocus

C. biflorus

silvery crocus

C. sativus

autumn crocus

Iris

iris

I. cristata

dwarf crested iris

I. pseudacorus

waterflag

I. versicolor

northern blueflag

I. x germanica

bearded iris

Sisyrinchium

blue-eyed-grass

S. angustifolium

narrow-leaved blue-eyed-grass

S. montanum

common blue-eyed-grass

S. mucronatum

needle-tipped blue-eyed-grass

mint family

Agastache

giant-hyssop

A. foeniculum

lavender giant-hyssop

Ajuga

bugle

A. reptans

bugleherb

Clinopodium

wild basil

C. vulgare

wild basil

Collinsonia

horsebalm

C. canadensis

stoneroot

Glechoma

gill-over-the-ground

G. hederacea

ground ivy

Hedeoma

false pennyroyal

H. pulegioides

American false pennyroyal

Lamium

henbit

L. amplexicaule

common henbit

L. maculatum

spotted deadnettle

L. purpureum

purple deadnettle

Leonurus

motherwort

L. cardiaca

motherwort

Lycopus

water-horehound

L. americanus

American water-horehound

L. amplectens

clasping water-horehound

L. uniflorus

northern bugleweed

L. virginicus

Virginia water-horehound

Mentha

mint

M. aquatica

water mint

M. canadensis

field mint

M. spicata

spearmint

M. x piperita

peppermint

M. x villosa

wooly mint

Monarda

beebalm

M. clinopodia

basil beebalm

M. didyma

scarlet beebalm

M. fistulosa

wild bergamot

M. punctata

spotted beebalm

Nepeta

catnip

N. cataria

catnip

Perilla

perilla-mint

P. frutescens

Korean perilla

Physostegia

false dragonhead

P. virginiana

obedient plant

Prunella

selfheal

P. vulgaris

common selfheal

Pycnanthemum

mountainmint

P. incanum

hoary mountainmint

P. muticum

short-toothed mountainmint

P. tenuifolium

narrowleaf mountainmint

P. virginianum

Virginia mountainmint

Scutellaria

skullcap

S. galericulata

marsh skullcap

S. incana

downy skullcap

S. lateriflora

blue skullcap

Stachys

hedge nettle

S. palustris

marsh hedge-nettle

Teucrium

germander

T. canadense

wild germander

Trichostema

bluecurls

T. dichotomum

forked bluecurls

Lentibulariaceae

bladderwort family

Utricularia

bladderwort

U. inflata

swollen bladderwort

U. macrorhiza

common bladderwort

U. purpurea

purple bladderwort

U. radiata

floating bladderwort

lily family

Clintonia

bluebead lily

C. borealis

yellow bluebead lily

C. umbellulata

speckled woodlily

Erythronium

trout-lily

E. albidum

white trout-lily

E. americanum

yellow trout-lily

Hemerocallis

daylily

H. fulva

orange daylily

Lilium

true lily

L. canadense

Canada lily

L. philadelphicum

wood lily

L. superbum

turk's-cap lily

Medeola

Indian cucumber-root

M. virginiana

Indian cucumber-root

Prosartes

fairybells

P. lanuginosa

yellow fairybells

Streptopus

twistedstalk

S. amplexifolius

clasping-leaved twistedstalk

S. lanceolatus

lance-leaved twistedstalk

flax family

Linum

flax

L. striatum

ridged yellow flax

false pimpernel family

Lindernia

false pimpernel

L. dubia

yellowseed false pimpernel

loosestrife family

Ammannia

toothcup

A. coccinea

scarlet toothcup

Decodon

waterwillow

D. verticillatus

swamp loosestrife

Lythrum

loosestrife

L. salicaria

purple loosestrife

mallow family

Abutilon

Indian mallow

A. theophrasti

velvetleaf

Althaea

marsh-mallow

A. officinalis

common marsh-mallow

Hibiscus

hibiscus

H. moscheutos

swamp rosemallow

H. trionum

Venice rosemallow

Malva

mallow

M. neglecta

common mallow

bunchflower family

Amianthium

fly poison

A. muscitoxicum

fly poison

Chamaelirium

devil's bit

C. luteum

devil's bit

Stenanthium

featherbell

S. gramineum

eastern featherbell

Trillium

wakerobin

T. cuneatum

purple toadshade

T. erectum

purple trillium

T. flexipes

drooping trillium

T. grandiflorum

white trillium

T. luteum

yellow trillium

T. nivale

snow trillium

T. sessile

toadstool trillium

T. undulatum

painted trillium

Veratrum

false hellebore

V. hybridum

slender bunchflower

V. virginicum

Virginia bunchflower

V. viride

false hellebore

buckbean family

Menyanthes

buckbean

M. trifoliata

bog buckbean

Nymphoides

floating-heart

N. peltata

yellow floating-heart

carpetweed family

Mollugo

carpetweed

M. verticillata

green carpetweed

claytonia family

Claytonia

springbeauty

C. caroliniana

Carolina springbeauty

C. virginica

narrowleaf springbeauty

Phemeranthus

fameflower

P. teretifolius

Appalachian rock-pink

asphodel family

Aletris

colic-root

A. farinosa

white colicroot

lotus family

Nelumbo

lotus

N. lutea

American lotus

waterlily family

Nuphar

spatterdock

N. advena

spatterdock

N. variegata

bullhead pondlily

Nymphaea

waterlily

N. odorata

fragrant waterlily

evening primrose family

Circaea

enchanter's-nightshade

C. alpina

small enchanter's-nightshade

C. canadensis

enchanter's-nightshade

Epilobium

willowherb

E. ciliatum

fringed willowherb

E. coloratum

eastern willowherb

E. hirsutum

hairy willowherb

E. leptophyllum

bog willowherb

Ludwigia

water-primrose

L. alternifolia

bushy seedbox

L. palustris

marsh seedbox

L. peploides

floating seedbox

Oenothera

evening primrose

O. biennis

common evening primrose

O. fruticosa

common sundrops

O. gaura

biennial beeblossom

O. perennis

small sundrops

orchid family

Aplectrum

putty-root

A. hyemale

puttyroot

Arethusa

dragon's-mouth

A. bulbosa

dragon's-mouth

Calopogon

grass-pink

C. tuberosus

tuberous grass-pink

Corallorhiza

coralroot

C. maculata

spotted coralroot

C. trifida

early coralroot

Cypripedium

slipper orchid

C. acaule

pink lady's slipper

C. parviflorum

yellow lady's slipper

C. reginae

showy lady's slipper

Epipactis

helleborine

E. helleborine

bastard hellebore

Galearis

orchis

G. spectabilis

showy orchis

Goodyera

rattlesnake-plantain

G. pubescens

downy rattlesnake-plantain

G. tesselata

checkered rattlesnake-plantain

Isotria

whorled pogonia

I. verticillata

large whorled pogonia

Liparis

wide-lipped orchid

L. liliifolia

lily-leaved twayblade orchid

L. loeselii

Loesel's twayblade

Malaxis

adder's-mouth

M. unifolia

green adder's-mouth

Neottia

twayblade

N. cordata

heartleaf twayblade

Platanthera

fringed orchid

P. blephariglottis

white fringed orchid

P. ciliaris

yellow fringed orchid

P. clavellata

club spur orchid

P. dilatata

white bog orchid

P. flava

pale green orchid

P. grandiflora

greater purple fringed orchid

P. huronensis

tall northern bog orchid

P. lacera

green fringed orchid

P. orbiculata

padleaf orchid

P. peramoena

purple fringeless orchid

P. psycodes

lesser purple fringed orchid

Pogonia

bog orchid

P. ophioglossoides

rose pogonia

Spiranthes

ladies'-tresses

S. arcisepala

Appalachian ladies’-tresses

S. casei

case's ladies’-tresses

S. cernua

nodding ladies'-tresses

S. incurva

sphinx ladies’-tresses

S. lacera

slender ladies’-tresses

S. lucida

shining ladies’-tresses

S. ochroleuca

yellow ladies’-tresses

S. ovalis

lesser ladies’-tresses

S. romanzoffiana

hooded ladies’-tresses

S. sheviakii

old field ladies'-tresses

S. tuberosa

small ladies’-tresses

S. vernalis

spring ladies’-tresses

broomrape family

Agalinis

agalinis

A. paupercula

small-flower false foxglove

A. tenuifolia

slender false foxglove

Aphyllon

broomrape

A. uniflorum

cancerroot

Conopholis

cancer-root

C. americana

American cancer-root

Epifagus

beechdrops

E. virginiana

beechdrops

Melampyrum

cow-wheat

M. lineare

American cow-wheat

Pedicularis

lousewort

P. canadensis

Canadian lousewort

woodsorrel family

Oxalis

woodsorrel

O. corniculata

creeping yellow woodsorrel

O. dillenii

slender yellow woodsorrel

O. grandis

great yellow woodsorrel

O. montana

northern woodsorrel

O. stricta

common yellow woodsorrel

O. violacea

violet woodsorrel

poppy family

Adlumia

Allegheny vine

A. fungosa

Allegheny vine

Capnoides

pink corydalis

C. sempervirens

pink corydalis

Chelidonium

celandine

C. majus

greater celandine

Corydalis

corydalis

C. flavula

yellow fumewort

Dicentra

bleedingheart

D. canadensis

squirrel corn

D. cucullaria

Dutchman's breeches

D. eximia

wild bleedingheart

D. spectabilis

common bleedingheart

Sanguinaria

bloodroot

S. canadensis

bloodroot

Stylophorum

celandine-poppy

S. diphyllum

wood poppy

Parnassia

grass-of-Parnassus

P. glauca

fen grass-of-Parnassus

ditch-stonecrop family

Penthorum

ditch stonecrop

P. sedoides

ditch stonecrop

lopseed family

Mazus

mazus

M. pumilus

Japanese mazus

Mimulus

monkeyflower

M. alatus

winged monekyflower

M. ringens

Allegheny monkeyflower

Phryma

lopseed

P. leptostachya

American lopseed

pokeweed family

Phytolacca

pokeweed

P. americana

pokeweed

plantain family

Callitriche

water-starwort

C. palustris

vernal water-starwort

C. stagnalis

pond water-starwort

Chelone

turtlehead

C. glabra

white turtlehead

C. lyonii

Lyon's turtlehead

Collinsia

blue-eyed Mary

C. verna

blue-eyed Mary

Digitalis

foxglove

D. purpurea

lady's glove

Gratiola

hedge-hyssop

G. lutea

goldenpert

G. neglecta

clammy hedge-hyssop

Linaria

toadflax

L. vulgaris

butter-and-eggs

Penstemon

beardtongue

P. digitalis

tall white beardtongue

Plantago

plantain

P. lanceolata

English plantain

P. major

broadleaf plantain

P. rugelii

Rugel's plantain

Veronica

speedwell

V. americana

American speedwell

V. anagallis-aquatica

blue water speedwell

V. arvensis

common speedwell

V. chamaedrys

germander speedwell

V. filiformis

creeping speedwell

V. hederifolia

ivyleaf speedwell

V. officinalis

heath speedwell

V. persica

bird's-eye speedwell

V. polita

gray field speedwell

V. scutellata

marsh speedwell

V. serpyllifolia

thyme-leaved speedwell

phlox family

Phlox

phlox

P. divaricata

wild blue phlox

P. maculata

meadow phlox

P. paniculata

fall phlox

P. subulata

moss phlox

Polemonium

Jacob's-ladder

P. reptans

spreading Jacob's-ladder

P. vanbruntiae

bog Jacob's-ladder

milkwort family

Polygala

milkwort

P. cruciata

crossleaf milkwort

P. nuttallii

Nuttall's milkwort

P. sanguinea

field milkwort

P. verticillata

whorled milkwort

Polygaloides

milkwort

P. paucifolia

fringed milkwort

buckwheat family

Fagopyrum

buckwheat

F. esculentum

common buckwheat

Fallopia

bindweed

F. cilinodis

fringed bindweed

F. convolvulus

black bindweed

F. japonica

Japanese knotweed

F. scandens

climbing false-buckwheat

Persicaria

smartweed

P. arifolia

halberd-leaf smartweed

P. coccinea

scarlet smartweed

P. hydropiper

water-pepper smartweed

P. hydropiperoides

mild water-pepper

P. lapathifolia

dock-leaf smartweed

P. longiseta

bristly lady's-thumb

P. maculosa

lady's-thumb

P. pensylvanica

Pennsylvania smartweed

P. perfoliata

Asiatic smartweed

P. punctata

dotted smartweed

P. sagittata

arrowleaf tearthumb

P. virginiana

jumpseed

Polygonum

knotweed

P. aviculare

dooryard knotweed

Rumex

dock

R. acetosella

sheep dock

R. crispus

curly dock

R. obtusifolius

bitter dock

R. triangulivalvis

white dock

water hyacinth family

Heteranthera

mud plantain

H. dubia

water stargrass

H. reniformis

kidneyleaf mud-plantain

Pontederia

pickerelweed

P. cordata

pickerelweed

Potamogetonaceae

pondweed family

Potamogeton

pondweed

P. crispus

curly pondweed

P. epihydrus

ribbonleaf pondweed

P. natans

floating pondweed

P. perfoliatus

perfoliate pondweed

primrose family

Lysimachia

loosestrife

L. arvensis

scarlet pimpernel

L. borealis

American starflower

L. ciliata

fringed loosestrife

L. clethroides

gooseneck loosestrife

L. hybrida

lowland yellow loosestrife

L. nummularia

moneywort

L. punctata

spotted loosestrife

L. quadrifolia

whorled loosestrife

L. terrestris

swamp candles

L. vulgaris

garden loosestrife

Primula

primrose

P. fassettii

jeweled shooting-star

P. japonica

Japanese primrose

buttercup family

Aconitum

monskhood

A. uncinatum

wild monkshood

Actaea

baneberry

A. pachypoda

white baneberry

A. racemosa

black cohosh

A. rubra

red baneberry

Anemone

windflower

A. blanda

Greek windflower

A. canadensis

Canada anemone

A. quinquefolia

wood anemone

A. virginiana

thimbleweed

Aquilegia

columbine

A. canadensis

eastern red columbine

A. vulgaris

European columbine

Caltha

marsh marigold

C. palustris

yellow marsh marigold

Clematis

virginsbower

C. virginiana

virginsbower

Coptis

goldthread

C. trifolia

threeleaf goldthread

Delphinium

larkspur

D. tricorne

dwarf larkspur

Ficaria

celandine

F. verna

lesser celandine

Hepatica

hepatica

H. acutiloba

sharp-lobed hepatica

H. americana

roundleaf hepatica

Hydrastis

goldenseal

H. canadensis

goldenseal

Ranunculus

buttercup

R. abortivus

small-flowered crowfoot

R. acris

tall buttercup

R. aquatilis

white water buttercup

R. bulbosus

bulbous crowfoot

R. caricetorum

swamp buttercup

R. hispidus

hispid crowfoot

R. recurvatus

hooked crowfoot

R. repens

creeping buttercup

R. septentrionalis

swamp buttercup

Thalictrum

meadowrue

T. dioicum

early meadowrue

T. pubescens

tall meadowrue

T. thalictroides

rue anemone

Trautvetteria

bugbane

T. caroliniensis

Carolina bugbane

Trollius

globeflower

T. laxus

spreading globeflower

rose family

Agrimonia

agrimony

A. gryposepala

tall hairy agrimony

A. parviflora

swamp agrimony

Aruncus

goat's beard

A. dioicus

common goat's-beard

Comarum

cinquefoil

Eranthis

winter aconite

E. hyemalis

winter aconite

Fragaria

strawberry

F. vesca

wood strawberry

F. virginiana

common strawberry

Geum

avens

G. aleppicum

yellow avens

G. canadense

white avens

G. laciniatum

floodplain avens

G. rivale

water avens

Gillenia

bowman's-root

G. trifoliata

bowman's-root

Potentilla

cinquefoil

P. canadensis

dwarf cinquefoil

P. indica

false strawberry

P. norvegica

strawberryweed

P. recta

sulfur cinquefoil

P. simplex

common cinquefoil

Rubus

blackberry

R. dalibarda

dewdrop

R. pubescens

dwarf raspberry

Sanguisorba

burnet

S. canadensis

Canadian burnet

Waldsteinia

barren strawberry

W. fragarioides

barren strawberry

coffee family

Diodia

buttonweed

D. teres

rough buttonweed

Galium

bedstraw

G. aparine

scratch bedstraw

G. asprellum

rough bedstraw

G. circaezans

licorice bedstraw

G. lanceolatum

wild licorice

G. mollugo

whorled bedstraw

G. obtusum

bluntleaf bedstraw

G. odoratum

sweet woodruff

G. palustre

marsh bedstraw

G. tinctorium

stiff marsh bedstraw

G. triflorum

sweet-scent bedstraw

Houstonia

bluet

H. caerulea

azure bluet

H. purpurea

large bluet

Mitchella

partridge-berry

M. repens

partridge-berry

butcher's broom family

Convallaria

lily-of-the-valley

C. majalis

European lily-of-the-valley

Maianthemum

false Solomon's seal

M. canadense

Canada mayflower

M. racemosum

false Solomon's seal

Polygonatum

Solomon's seal

P. biflorum

king Solomon's seal

P. pubescens

hairy Solomon's seal

pitcherplant family

Sarracenia

pitcherplant

S. purpurea

pitcherplant

lizard's-tail family

Saururus

lizard's-tail

S. cernuus

lizard's-tail

saxifrage family

Chrysosplenium

golden saxifrage

C. americanum

American golden saxifrage

Heuchera

alumroot

H. americana

American Alumroot

Micranthes

small-flowered saxifrage

M. pensylvanica

swamp saxifrage

M. virginiensis

early saxifrage

Mitella

miterwort

M. diphylla

twoleaf miterwort

Tiarella

foamflower

T. stolonifera

foamflower

Scrophulariaceae

figwort family

Aureolaria

false foxglove

A. virginica

downy false foxglove

Buddleja

butterfly-bush

Scrophularia

figwort

S. lanceolata

lanceleaf figwort

Verbascum

mullein

V. blattaria

moth mullein

V. thapsus

common mullein

catbrier family

Smilax

greenbrier

S. herbacea

carrion-flower

nightshade family

Datura

jimsonweed

D. stramonium

jimsonweed

Physalis

ground-cherry

P. heterophylla

clammy ground-cherry

P. longifolia

longleaf ground-cherry

Solanum

nightshade

S. carolinense

Carolina horse-nettle

S. dulcamara

trailing nightshade

S. ptychanthum

eastern black nightshade

nettle family

Boehmeria

false nettle

B. cylindrica

smallspike false nettle

Laportea

wood-nettle

L. canadensis

Canadian wood-nettle

Parietaria

pellitory

P. pensylvanica

Pennsylvania pellitory

Pilea

clearweed

P. pumila

Canada clearweed

Urtica

nettle

U. dioica

stinging nettle

U. gracilis

slender nettle

verbena family

Verbena

vervain

V. bracteata

prostrate vervain

V. hastata

blue vervain

V. urticifolia

white vervain

violet family

Hybanthus

green-violet

H. concolor

eastern green-violet

Viola

violet

V. affinis

count's violet

V. arvensis

field pansy

V. blanda

sweet white violet

V. canadensis

Canada violet

V. cucullata

marsh blue violet

V. emarginata

triangle-leaved violet

V. eriocarpa

smooth yellow violet

V. fimbriatula

northern downy violet

V. hastata

halberd-leaf yellow violet

V. hirsutula

southern woodland violet

V. incognita

large-leaved white violet

V. labradorica

American dog violet

V. lanceolata

lanceleaf violet

V. pallens

small white violet

V. pedata

birdfoot violet

V. primulifolia

primroseleaf violet

V. pubescens

downy yellow violet

V. rostrata

long-spur violet

V. rotundifolia

roundleaf violet

V. sagittata

arrowleaf violet

V. selkirkii

greatspur violet

V. sororia

common blue violet

V. striata

striped violet

V. subsinuata

early blue violet

Herbaceous Plants