Forest Plants

Forest Plants

moschatel family

Sambucus

elder

S. canadensis

American black elderberry

S. racemosa

red elderberry

Viburnum

viburnum

V. acerifolium

mapleleaf viburnum

V. cassinoides

northern wild-raisin

V. dentatum

southern arrowwood

V. lantanoides

hobblebush

V. lentago

nannyberry

V. prunifolium

blackhaw

V. recognitum

northern arrowwood

V. trilobum

American highbush cranberry

amaryllis & onion family

Allium

onion

A. canadense

meadow garlic

A. tricoccum

ramps

Amblystegiaceae

amblystegiaceae

Hygroamblystegium

thread moss

H. varium

tangled thread moss

cashew family

Rhus

sumac

R. aromatica

fragrant sumac

R. copallinum

winged sumac

parsley family

Angelica

Angelica

A. triquinata

Appalachian Angelica

Cryptotaenia

honewort

C. canadensis

honewort

Erigenia

harbinger-of-spring

E. bulbosa

harbinger-of-spring

Heracleum

cow-parsnip

H. maximum

cow-parsnip

Osmorhiza

sweet-cicely

O. claytonii

sweet-cecily

O. longistylis

aniseroot

Sanicula

sanicle

S. marilandica

Maryland sanicle

S. odorata

clustered black-snakeroot

Taenidia

pimpernel

T. integerrima

yellow pimpernel

Thaspium

meadow-parsnip

T. trifoliatum

meadow-parsnip

Zizia

alexanders

Z. aptera

heartleaf alexanders

Z. aurea

golden alexanders

dogbane family

Apocynum

dogbane

A. cannabinum

Indian hemp

Asclepias

milkweed

A. exaltata

tall milkweed

A. quadrifolia

whorled milkweed

holly family

Ilex

holly

I. montana

mountain winterberry

I. opaca

American holly

spikenard family

Aralia

spikenard

A. nudicaulis

wild sarsaparilla

A. racemosa

American spikenard

A. spinosa

Hercules'-club

Panax

ginseng

P. quinquefolius

American ginseng

P. trifolius

dwarf ginseng

Aristolochiaceae

birthwort family

Asarum

wild ginger

A. canadense

Canadian wild ginger

spleenwort family

Asplenium

spleenwort

A. platyneuron

ebony spleenwort

aster family

Ageratina

snakeroot

A. altissima

white snakeroot

Antennaria

pussytoes

A. plantaginifolia

plantain-leaved pussytoes

Erigeron

fleabane

E. annuus

annual fleabane

Eurybia

wood aster

E. divaricata

white wood aster

E. macrophylla

large-leaved aster

Eutrochium

Joe-Pye-weed

E. fistulosum

trumpetweed

E. purpureum

sweet Joe-Pye-weed

Hieracium

hawkweed

H. paniculatum

Allegheny hawkweed

H. venosum

rattlesnake hawkweed

Ionactis

stiff aster

I. linariifolia

flaxleaf stiff aster

Lactuca

lettuce

L. biennis

blue lettuce

Nabalus

rattlesnake-root

N. altissimus

white lettuce

N. trifoliolatus

threeleaf rattlesnake-root

Oclemena

nodding-aster

O. acuminata

whorled aster

Solidago

goldenrod

S. caesia

wreath goldenrod

S. flexicaulis

zigzag goldenrod

S. odora

sweet goldenrod

S. puberula

downy goldenrod

S. rugosa

wrinkleleaf goldenrod

Symphyotrichum

American aster

S. cordifolium

blue wood aster

S. laeve

smooth blue aster

S. lateriflorum

calico aster

S. lowrieanum

Lowrie's blue wood aster

S. patens

late purple aster

S. prenanthoides

crookedstem aster

S. undulatum

wavyleaf aster

aulacomniaceae

Aulacomnium

aulacomnium

A. heterostichum

goose egg moss

barberry family

Caulophyllum

blue cohosh

C. giganteum

early blue cohosh

C. thalictroides

blue cohosh

Jeffersonia

twinleaf

J. diphylla

twinleaf

Podophyllum

mayapple

P. peltatum

mayapple

birch family

Betula

birch

B. alleghaniensis

yellow birch

B. lenta

black birch

B. papyrifera

paper birch

Carpinus

hornbeam

C. caroliniana

American hornbeam

Corylus

hazelnut

C. americana

American hazelnut

Ostrya

hophornbeam

O. virginiana

eastern hophornbeam

chain fern family

Woodwardia

chain fern

W. areolata

netted chain fern

forget-me-not family

Hackelia

stickseed

H. virginiana

stickseed

Hydrophyllum

waterleaf

H. canadense

Canadian waterleaf

H. virginianum

Virginia waterleaf

Mertensia

bluebell

M. virginica

Virginia bluebells

Phacelia

scorpionweed

P. purshii

Miami mist

Brachytheciaceae

foxtail moss family

Brachythecium

foxtail moss

B. rutabulum

rough foxtail moss

B. salebrosum

golden foxtail moss

Bryoandersonia

bryoandersonia

B. illecebra

spoonleaf moss

mustard family

Cardamine

toothwort

C. angustata

slender toothwort

C. concatenata

cutleaf toothwort

C. diphylla

crinkleroot

C. douglassii

pink bitter-cress

C. maxima

large toothwort

bryum moss family

Bryum

bryum

B. argenteum

silver moss

Gemmabryum

gemmabryum

G. caespiticium

handbell moss

Rhodobryum

rose moss

R. roseum

rose moss

bellflower family

Campanula

bellflower

C. rotundifolia

harebell

Campanulastrum

bellflower

C. americanum

American bellflower

Lobelia

lobelia

L. inflata

Indian tobacco

L. spicata

pale-spiked lobelia

cannabis and hop family

Celtis

hackberry

C. occidentalis

hackberry

honeysuckle family

Diervilla

bush-honeysuckle

D. lonicera

bush-honeysuckle

Lonicera

honeysuckle

L. canadensis

Canada honeysuckle

L. dioica

wild honeysuckle

L. sempervirens

trumpet honeysuckle

Caryophyllaceae

pink family

Moehringia

sandwort

M. lateriflora

grove sandwort

Silene

campion

S. caroliniana

wild pink

S. virginica

firepink

spindle-tree family

Euonymus

spindletree

E. atropurpureus

eastern wahoo

white alder family

Clethra

sweet-pepperbush

C. alnifolia

coastal sweet-pepperbush

tree moss family

Climacium

tree moss

C. americanum

American tree moss

C. dendroides

common tree moss

colchicum family

Uvularia

bellwort

U. grandiflora

large-flowered bellwort

U. perfoliata

perfoliate bellwort

U. sessilifolia

sessile bellwort

dogwood family

Cornus

dogwood

C. alternifolia

alternate-leaved dogwood

C. amomum

silky dogwood

C. canadensis

bunchberry

C. florida

flowering dogwood

C. racemosa

gray dogwood

Nyssa

tupelo

N. sylvatica

black tupelo

orpine family

Sedum

stonecrop

S. ternatum

woodland stonecrop

gourd or pumpkin family

Sicyos

bur-cucumber

S. angulatus

one-seed bur-cucumber

Dennstaedtiaceae

bracken fern family

Dennstaedtia

hay-scented fern

D. punctilobula

hay-scented fern

Pteridium

bracken fern

P. aquilinum

bracken fern

broom moss family

Dicranum

broom moss

D. montanum

crispy broom moss

D. polysetum

wrinkled broom moss

D. scoparium

common broom moss

D. viride

brittle broom moss

yum family

Dioscorea

wild yam

D. villosa

wild yam

Dryopteridaceae

wood fern family

Dryopteris

wood fern

D. carthusiana

spinulose wood fern

D. intermedia

intermediate fern

D. marginalis

marginal fern

Polystichum

holly fern

P. acrostichoides

Christmas fern

glaze moss family

Entodon

glaze moss

E. seductrix

cord glaze moss

heath family

Arctostaphylos

bearberry

A. uva-ursi

bearberry

Chimaphila

prince's-pine

C. maculata

spotted wintergreen

Epigaea

trailing arbutus

E. repens

trailing arbutus

Gaultheria

spicy wintergreen

G. hispidula

creeping snowberry

G. procumbens

eastern teaberry

Gaylussacia

huckleberry

G. baccata

black huckleberry

Hypopitys

pinesap

H. lanuginosa

hairy pinesap

H. monotropa

pinesap

Kalmia

American laurel

K. angustifolia

sheep laurel

K. latifolia

mountain laurel

Lyonia

maleberry

L. ligustrina

maleberry

Monotropa

Indian pipe

M. uniflora

Indian pipe

Pyrola

shinleaf

P. americana

American wintergreen

P. chlorantha

green-flowered shinleaf

P. elliptica

elliptic shinleaf

Rhododendron

azalea

R. maximum

rosebay

R. periclymenoides

pink azalea

R. prinophyllum

early azalea

Vaccinium

heath shrub

V. angustifolium

lowbush blueberry

V. corymbosum

highbush blueberry

V. pallidum

hillside blueberry

V. stamineum

deerberry

spurge family

Euphorbia

spurge

E. corollata

flowering spurge

E. nutans

eyebane sandmat

legume family

Amphicarpaea

hog peanut

A. bracteata

hog peanut

Apios

groundnut

A. americana

common groundnut

Baptisia

wild indigo

B. tinctoria

wild indigo

Desmodium

ticktrefoil

D. rotundifolium

prostrate ticktrefoil

Hylodesmum

ticktrefoil

H. glutinosum

sticky ticktrefoil

H. nudiflorum

naked-flowered ticktrefoil

Lathyrus

vetchling

L. latifolius

everlasting pea

Robinia

locust

R. pseudoacacia

black locust

Senna

senna

S. hebecarpa

wild senna

Vicia

vetch

V. caroliniana

wood vetch

V. cracca

fufted vetch

V. sativa

garden vetch

beech family

Castanea

chestnut

C. dentata

American chestnut

Fagus

beech

F. grandifolia

American beech

Quercus

oak

Q. alba

white oak

Q. coccinea

scarlet oak

Q. ilicifolia

scrub oak

Q. macrocarpa

bur oak

Q. montana

chestnut oak

Q. muehlenbergii

chinquapin oak

Q. palustris

pin oak

Q. rubra

northern red oak

Q. velutina

black oak

pocket moss family

Fissidens

pocket moss

F. byroides

lesser pocket moss

gentian family

Frasera

green gentian

F. caroliniensis

American columbo

Gentiana

gentian

G. clausa

meadow closed gentian

Obolaria

Virginia pennywort

O. virginica

Virginia pennywort

Sabatia

rose gentian

S. angularis

rose pink

geranium family

Geranium

cranesbill

G. columbinum

long-stalked cranesbill

G. maculatum

wood geranium

G. robertianum

herb-robert

Grossulariaceae

currant family

Ribes

gooseberry

R. lacustre

bristly black currant

R. rotundifolium

roundleaf gooseberry

witch-hazel family

Hamamelis

witch-hazel

H. virginiana

American witch-hazel

hydrangea family

Hydrangea

hydrangea

H. arborescens

wild hydrangea

hylocomiaceae family

Hylocomiadelphus

hylocomiadelphus

H. triquetrus

pleated shaggy moss

Pleurozium

pleurozium moss

P. schreberi

phoenix feather moss

st. john’s-wort family

Hypericum

St. John's-wort

H. canadense

Canadian St. John's-wort

H. prolificum

shrubby St. John's-wort

H. punctatum

spotted St. John's-wort

hypnaceae

Callicladium

callicladium

C. haldanianum

sword moss

Hypnum

carpet moss

H. curvifolium

greater plait moss

H. imponens

brocade moss

stargrass family

Hypoxis

stargrass

H. hirsuta

yellow stargrass

iris family

Sisyrinchium

blue-eyed-grass

S. montanum

common blue-eyed-grass

walnut family

Carya

hickory

C. glabra

pignut hickory

C. ovalis

red hickory

C. ovata

shagbark hickory

Juglans

walnut

J. cinerea

butternut

J. nigra

eastern black walnut

mint family

Clinopodium

wild basil

C. vulgare

wild basil

Collinsonia

horsebalm

C. canadensis

richweed

Monarda

beebalm

M. clinopodia

basil beebalm

M. didyma

scarlet beebalm

M. punctata

spotted beebalm

Pycnanthemum

mountainmint

P. virginianum

Virginia mountainmint

Scutellaria

skullcap

S. incana

downy skullcap

Trichostema

bluecurls

T. dichotomum

forked bluecurls

laurel family

Lindera

spicebush

L. benzoin

spicebush

Sassafras

sassafras

S. albidum

sassafras

cushion mosses

Leucobryum

cushion moss

L. albidum

white moss

L. glaucum

white pincushion moss

lily family

Clintonia

bluebead lily

C. borealis

yellow bluebead lily

C. umbellulata

speckled woodlily

Erythronium

trout-lily

E. albidum

white trout-lily

E. americanum

yellow trout-lily

Lilium

true lily

L. canadense

Canada lily

Medeola

Indian cucumber root

M. virginiana

Indian cucumber-root

Streptopus

twistedstalk

S. amplexifolius

clasping-leaved twistedstalk

S. lanceolatus

lance-leaved twistedstalk

climbing fern family

Lygodium

climbing fern

L. palmatum

climbing fern

magnolia family

Liriodendron

tuliptree

L. tulipifera

tuliptree

Magnolia

magnolia

M. acuminata

cucumber tree

bunchflower family

Amianthium

fly poison

A. muscitoxicum

fly poision

Chamaelirium

devil's bit

C. luteum

devil's bit

Stenanthium

featherbell

S. gramineum

eastern featherbell

Trillium

wakerobin

T. erectum

purple trillium

T. flexipes

drooping trillium

T. grandiflorum

white trillium

T. nivale

snow trillium

T. sessile

toadstool trillium

T. undulatum

painted trillium

Veratrum

false hellebore

V. virginicum

Virginia bunchflower

thyme moss family

Plagiomnium

plagiomnium moss

P. ciliare

saber tooth moss

P. cuspidatum

baby tooth moss

claytonia family

Claytonia

springbeauty

C. caroliniana

Carolina springbeauty

C. virginica

springbeauty

bayberry family

Comptonia

sweetfern

C. peregrina

sweetfern

olive family

Fraxinus

ash

F. americana

white ash

evening primrose family

Circaea

enchanter's-nightshade

C. alpina

small enchanter's-nightshade

C. canadensis

enchanter's-nightshade

Epilobium

willowherb

E. ciliatum

fringed willowherb

Oenothera

evening primrose

O. biennis

common evening primrose

O. perennis

small sundrops

sensitive fern family

Matteuccia

ostrich fern

M. struthiopteris

ostrich fern

Ophioglossaceae

adder's tongue family

Botrypus

rattlesnake fern

B. virginianus

rattlesnake fern

Sceptridium

grape fern

S. dissectum

cut-leaved grape fern

orchid family

Corallorhiza

coralroot

C. maculata

spotted coralroot

Cypripedium

slipper orchid

C. acaule

pink lady's slipper

C. parviflorum

yellow lady's slipper

Galearis

orchis

G. spectabilis

showy orchis

Goodyera

rattlesnake-plantain

G. pubescens

downy rattlesnake-plantain

G. tesselata

checkered rattlesnake-plantain

Platanthera

fringed orchid

P. orbiculata

padleaf orchid

Spiranthes

ladies'-tresses

S. lacera

slender ladies’-tresses

S. sheviakii

old field ladies'-tresses

broomrape family

Agalinis

agalinis

A. tenuifolia

slender false foxglove

Conopholis

cancer-root

C. americana

American cancer-root

Epifagus

beechdrops

E. virginiana

beechdrops

Melampyrum

cow-wheat

M. lineare

American cow-wheat

Orobanche

broomrape

O. uniflora

cancerroot

Pedicularis

lousewort

P. canadensis

Canadian lousewort

Orthotrichaceae

bristle moss family

Orthotrichum

bristle moss

O. sordidum

umbrella moss

O. stellatum

bald bristle moss

royal fern family

Osmunda

flowering fern

O. claytoniana

interrupted fern

woodsorrel family

Oxalis

woodsorrel

O. montana

northern woodsorrel

O. stricta

common yellow woodsorrel

O. violacea

violet woodsorrel

poppy family

Adlumia

Allegheny vine

A. fungosa

Allegheny vine

Corydalis

corydalis

C. sempervirens

pink corydalis

Dicentra

bleedingheart

D. canadensis

squirrelcorn

D. cucullaria

Dutchman's breeches

D. eximia

wild bleedingheart

Sanguinaria

bloodroot

S. canadensis

bloodroot

Stylophorum

celandine-poppy

S. diphyllum

wood poppy

lopseed family

Phryma

lopseed

P. leptostachya

American lopseed

pine family

Larix

larch

L. laricina

tamarack

Picea

spruce

P. rubens

red spruce

Pinus

pine

P. resinosa

red pine

Tsuga

hemlock

T. canadensis

eastern hemlock

plantain family

Collinsia

blue-eyed Mary

C. verna

blue-eyed Mary

Veronica

speedwell

V. officinalis

heath speedwell

V. serpyllifolia

thyme-leaved speedwell

phlox family

Phlox

phlox

P. divaricata

wild blue phlox

Polemonium

Jacob's-ladder

P. reptans

spreading Jacob's-ladder

milkwort family

Polygala

milkwort

P. paucifolia

fringed milkwort

P. verticillata

whorled milkwort

buckwheat family

Fallopia

bindweed

F. scandens

climbing false-buckwheat

Persicaria

smartweed

P. virginiana

jumpseed

haircap moss family

Atrichum

starburst moss

A. altecristatum

wavy starburst

Polytrichum

haircap moss

P. commune

common haircap moss

P. juniperinum

juniper haircap moss

primrose family

Lysimachia

loosestrife

L. borealis

American starflower

L. clethroides

gooseneck loosestrife

L. quadrifolia

whorled loosestrife

maidenhair fern family

Adiantum

maidenhair fern

A. pedatum

northern maidenhair fern

buttercup family

Aconitum

monskhood

A. uncinatum

wild monkshood

Actaea

baneberry

A. pachypoda

white baneberry

A. racemosa

black cohosh

Anemone

windflower

A. quinquefolia

wood anemone

A. virginiana

thimbleweed

Aquilegia

columbine

A. canadensis

eastern red columbine

A. vulgaris

European columbine

Delphinium

larkspur

D. tricorne

dwarf larkspur

Hepatica

hepatica

H. acutiloba

sharp-lobed hepatica

H. americana

roundleaf hepatica

Hydrastis

goldenseal

H. canadensis

goldenseal

Ranunculus

buttercup

R. abortivus

small-flowered crowfoot

R. caricetorum

swamp buttercup

R. hispidus

hispid crowfoot

R. recurvatus

hooked crowfoot

Thalictrum

meadowrue

T. dioicum

early meadowrue

T. pubescens

tall meadowrue

T. thalictroides

rue anemone

rose family

Agrimonia

agrimony

A. gryposepala

common agrimony

A. parviflora

southern agrimony

Amelanchier

serviceberry

A. arborea

downy serviceberry

A. laevis

Allegheny serviceberry

A. spicata

running serviceberry

Aronia

chokeberry

A. melanocarpa

black chokeberry

Fragaria

strawberry

F. vesca

wood strawberry

F. virginiana

common strawberry

Geum

avens

G. aleppicum

yellow avens

G. canadense

white avens

G. laciniatum

floodplain avens

Gillenia

bowman's-root

G. trifoliata

bowman's-root

Malus

apple tree

M. coronaria

sweet crabapple

Physocarpus

ninebark

P. opulifolius

eastern ninebark

Potentilla

cinquefoil

P. canadensis

dwarf cinquefoil

P. simplex

common cinquefoil

Prunus

cherry

P. pensylvanica

pin cherry

P. serotina

black cherry

P. virginiana

choke cherry

Rosa

rose

R. multiflora

multiflora rose

Rubus

blackberry

R. allegheniensis

common blackberry

R. dalibarda

dewdrop

R. flagellaris

northern dewberry

R. occidentalis

black raspberry

R. odoratus

purple-flowering raspberry

R. phoenicolasius

thimbleberry

R. pubescens

dwarf raspberry

Waldsteinia

barren strawberry

W. fragarioides

barren strawberry

coffee family

Galium

bedstraw

G. circaezans

licorice bedstraw

G. lanceolatum

wild licorice

G. triflorum

sweet-scent bedstraw

Houstonia

bluet

H. caerulea

bluet

H. purpurea

large bluet

Mitchella

partridge-berry

M. repens

partridge-berry

butcher's broom family

Maianthemum

false Solomon's seal

M. canadense

Canada mayflower

M. racemosum

false Solomon's seal

Polygonatum

Solomon's seal

P. biflorum

king Solomon's seal

P. pubescens

hairy Solomon's seal

willow family

Populus

poplar

P. grandidentata

bigtooth aspen

P. tremuloides

quaking aspen

Salix

willow

S. bebbiana

long-beaked willow

S. sericea

silky willow

soapberry family

Acer

maple

A. pensylvanicum

striped maple

A. platanoides

Norway maple

A. pseudoplatanus

sycamore maple

A. rubrum

red maple

A. saccharinum

silver maple

A. saccharum

sugar maple

A. spicatum

mountain maple

saxifrage family

Mitella

miterwort

M. diphylla

twoleaf miterwort

Tiarella

foamflower

T. stolonifera

foamflower

Scrophulariaceae

figwort family

Aureolaria

false foxglove

A. virginica

downy false foxglove

Scrophularia

figwort

S. lanceolata

lanceleaf figwort

Sematophyllaceae

brocade moss family

Platygyrium

brocade moss

P. repens

oil spill moss

catbrier family

Smilax

greenbrier

S. rotundifolia

roundleaf greenbrier

bladdernut family

Staphylea

bladdernut

S. trifolia

bladdernut

tetraphidaceae

Tetraphis

four-toothed moss

T. pellucida

pellucid four-toothed moss

Thelypteridaceae

marsh fern family

Phegopteris

beech fern

P. connectilis

narrow beach fern

P. hexagonoptera

broad beech fern

Thelypteris

marsh fern

T. noveboracensis

New York fern

fern moss family

Thuidium

fern moss

T. delicatulum

delicate fern moss

elm family

Ulmus

elm

U. rubra

slippery elm

nettle family

Boehmeria

false nettle

B. cylindrica

smallspike false nettle

Laportea

wood-nettle

L. canadensis

Canadian wood-nettle

Parietaria

pellitory

P. pensylvanica

Pennsylvania pellitory

Urtica

nettle

U. dioica

stinging nettle

U. gracilis

slender nettle

verbena family

Verbena

vervain

V. urticifolia

white vervain

violet family

Viola

violet

V. affinis

count's violet

V. blanda

sweet white violet

V. canadensis

Canada violet

V. eriocarpa

downy yellow violet

V. fimbriatula

northern downy violet

V. hastata

halberd-leaf yellow violet

V. hirsutula

southern woodland violet

V. incognita

large-leaved white violet

V. labradorica

American dog violet

V. pallens

small white violet

V. pubescens

downy yellow violet

V. rostrata

long-spur violet

V. rotundifolia

roundleaf violet

V. sagittata

arrowleaf violet

V. selkirkii

greatspur violet

V. sororia

common blue violet

V. striata

striped violet

ladyfern family

Athyrium

ladyfern

A. angustum

northern ladyfern

A. asplenioides

southern ladyfern

Deparia

false spleetwort

D. acrostichoides

silvery glade fern